Tana River

Stretching about 290 km across northern Kenya and extending into Ethiopia, it is famous for its striking turquoise-green colour, earning it the name “Jade Sea.” Fed mainly by Ethiopia’s Omo River, the closed-basin lake has no outlet and loses water primarily through evaporation. Beyond its dramatic volcanic landscape and abundant wildlife, Lake Turkana is one of the world’s most important archaeological and human-evolution sites. The Koobi Fora region has produced remarkable hominin fossils, including the famous Turkana Boy, as well as some of the earliest stone tools. The lake also supports Nile crocodiles, diverse fish and hundreds of bird species, while providing livelihoods for local fishing communities. However, changes in Omo River flows and increasing water demand upstream pose significant challenges to this unique ecosystem and the communities that depend on it.

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Significance

Overview

Its headwaters are found around the Mount Kenya and Aberdare ranges, and it is fed by several tributaries, including the Thika, Chania, Mathioya and Mutonga rivers. The river passes through Kenya’s central highlands and arid eastern lowlands before reaching the Tana Delta, a rich network of wetlands and coastal ecosystems. The Tana is a vital lifeline for Kenya, supporting hydropower generation, agriculture, irrigation, wildlife, fisheries and millions of people. Its upper course hosts the Seven Forks hydropower dams, while its waters also contribute significantly to Nairobi’s water supply. However, the river faces challenges including deforestation, soil erosion, siltation, flooding, land degradation and changing rainfall patterns, making conservation of its entire catchment essential for both people and nature.

Lake Nakuru

What Makes It Special?

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Things to See and Do

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When to Visit

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Getting There

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Travel Tips

  • Carry appropriate clothing and footwear.
  • Respect local communities and traditions.
  • Follow conservation guidelines.
  • Carry drinking water.
  • Use qualified guides where appropriate.

Why You Should Visit

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